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Change of port end shape and expansion of seat inner diameter.Longer stroke to bore ratio (under-square design).Very high compression-moderated Atkinson cycle engine.Hydraulic variable valve timing on both intake and exhaust camshafts.
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The angle between intake and exhaust valve centreline is 41 degrees–the previous design was 31 degrees. Expansion of the valve clamping angle.Specifically, the cylinder head and intake port design improves the tumble flow (longitudinal vortex) to increase the air intake volume–the majority of intake flow is across that portion of the valve closest to cylinder centreline. The engine was developed as an engine that is claimed to achieve both driving performance and environmental performance while pursuing high efficiency and low fuel consumption as well as having a "direct feeling, smooth and pleasant acceleration performance".
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